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Famous Women World Leaders (prime-minister version)

  • Foto do escritor: Laura Lopes
    Laura Lopes
  • 1 de mai. de 2025
  • 3 min de leitura

Margaret Thatcher (1925-2013)


England's first woman Prime Minister. Born in a conservative family, learned to always say what she believed in. Went to Oxford University. Graduated in chemistry, and during four years of working with it, she studied law in her free time, and in 1950, she made her first bid for Parliament, and lost. In 1953, she was married and raising twins. Won a seat in parliament in 1959. Since then, she began taking many political charges, and in 1975 became head of her party (she believed the state was too involved in the economy and people's lives, pro-capitalism, and strongly against communism. Elected prime minister in 1979, she won the Falkland War, sending the British Navy halfway around the world to claim some islands. She fell after trying to implement some taxes.



Indira Gandhi (1917-1984)


India's third Prime Minister, the first and only female. Daughter of the first prime minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru, and, losing only to him, was the second minister who lasted the longest in power (15 years and 350 days). As prime minister, Gandhi was known for her political intransigence and unprecedented centralization of power. In 1967, she led a military conflict with China, in which India successfully repelled the Chinese attack. In 1971, she went to war with Pakistan in support of the independence movement and war of independence in East Pakistan, which resulted in an Indian victory and the creation of Bangladesh. It also increased India's influence to the point where it became the sole regional power of South Asia. Citing separatist tendencies and in response to a call for revolution, Gandhi instituted a state of emergency from 1975 to 1977, where basic civil liberties were suspended and the press was censored. Widespread atrocities were carried out during that period. Gandhi faced the growing Sikh separatism throughout her second premiership; in response, she ordered Operation Blue Star, which involved military action in the Golden Temple and resulted in bloodshed, with hundreds of Sikhs killed. On 31 October 1984, Gandhi was assassinated by her bodyguards, both of whom were Sikh nationalists seeking retribution for the events at the temple.


Golda Meir (1898–1978)


She was an Israeli politician, teacher, and kibbutznik who served as the fourth Prime Minister of Israel from 1969 to 1974. She was Israel's first and only female head of state, the first female head of state in the Middle East. Meir also served as labor minister and foreign minister. She has been described as the “Iron Lady” of Israeli politics. Her oratory skills and command of English made her an extremely successful fundraiser during the critical early years of the new Israeli state. Born in Kyiv in the Russian Empire, Meir immigrated to Wisconsin, United States, as a child with her family in 1906. She was educated there and eventually became a teacher. After getting married, she and her husband immigrated to Mandatory Palestine in 1921, settling on a kibbutz. During her tenure as prime minister, Israel was caught off guard in the Yom Kippur War of 1973 and suffered severe losses in the first days of the war, before recovering and defeating the invading armies. Meir resigned the following year in response to public anger.

She died in 1978 of lymphoma.





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